Community Media and Crime Prevention in Nairobi: A Case Study of Pamoja FM in Kibra Informal Settlement

Abstract

This study sought to establish the extent to which community radio, specifically Pamoja FM, contributes to crime prevention in Kibra Informal Settlement, Nairobi County. The study focused on Pamoja FM's programming, particularly its peace-oriented programmes, and their influence on audiences within the settlement. It also examined other initiatives undertaken by the radio station, beyond broadcasting, to prevent crime and address social vices in the community.

The study was conducted in the five wards of Kibra Constituency: Lindi, Makina, Woodley/Kenyatta/Golfcourse, Laini Saba, and Sarang'ombe. The research problem centred on the types and levels of crime in Kibra Informal Settlement and the role of Pamoja FM, in collaboration with other stakeholders, in preventing crime and managing its prevalence. The study was guided by Social Action Theory, as postulated by Anderson and Meyer (1988), which provided a framework for understanding and analysing the research problem.

The study adopted a mixed-methods approach, employing questionnaires and in-depth interviews for data collection. Quantitative data were collected from a sample of 71 Pamoja FM listeners in Kibra Informal Settlement. Qualitative data were obtained through interviews with 14 key informants, including Pamoja FM staff and stakeholders who collaborate with the station. These included the Assistant Chief of Sarang'ombe Ward, an Assistant County Commissioner, a religious leader, a youth initiative group leader, and the head of the Pamoja FM Welfare Listener Group.

The findings indicated that community radio, in collaboration with key stakeholders, plays a role in influencing positive behavioural change regarding crime-related activities in Kibra Informal Settlement. However, the study could not conclusively establish that crime levels had declined as a direct result of Pamoja FM's educational programmes. Nevertheless, the findings revealed considerable recognition of the radio station's positive contribution to the community. The study contributes to understanding media influence through Social Action Theory, particularly in relation to attitudes and behavioural change. It further highlights the role of Pamoja FM as an agent of social transformation that informs and educates the community on the consequences of crime and the importance of peaceful coexistence.